Mediastinal lymphoma is a type of lymphoma, which means that the site where lymphoma occurs is in the mediastinum. The mediastinum contains rich lymphatic tissue, including a large number of lymph nodes. If these lymph nodes become malignant, it is mediastinal lymphoma, and the patient often shows a series of symptoms such as chest pain, chest tightness and superior vena cava reflux syndrome. Generally, the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphoma is often found through chest CT and chest X-ray. CT examination can detect multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the mediastinum, and the patient often also has symptoms of hypermetabolism such as low fever, emaciation and night sweats. If a lymph node biopsy is taken for mediastinal lymphoma, the type of lymphoma can be confirmed. Mediastinal lymphoma can be either Hodgkin’s lymphoma or non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. After the lymph node biopsy, the pathological type of lymph node can be diagnosed, and then different treatments can be given depending on the type of pathology.