Myeloproliferative neoplasms mainly include chronic myeloid leukemia, true erythroblastosis, primary thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis, which are treated as follows: 1. Treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia is mainly targeted through tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which include imatinib, nilotinib and dasatinib; 2. True erythroblastosis and primary thrombocythemia The treatment includes three aspects, hypocellular therapy, mainly using hydroxyurea; application of anti-platelet drugs to prevent thrombosis, mainly applying aspirin; prevention or treatment of hyperuricemia; 3. The treatment of primary myelofibrosis is mainly applying JAK-1 and JAK-2 inhibitors, the main drug is ruxolitinib. True erythroblastosis or primary thrombocytosis can be secondary to myelofibrosis, and if secondary to myelofibrosis, it can also be treated with ruxolitinib. Myeloproliferative neoplasms, a group of diseases, are currently incurable and require long-term drug therapy, even when chronic myeloid leukemia has become a chronic disease through targeted drug therapy.