Lumbar disc herniation, also known as fibrous annulus rupture, is caused by degenerative changes in the lumbar spine or external forces that lead to the rupture of the lumbar fibrous annulus and protrusion of the nucleus pulposus, resulting in compression of the nerve roots, blood vessels, spinal cord or cauda equina nerve in the lumbar spine, resulting in a series of clinical symptoms: pain in the low back, radiating pain in the lower extremities, numbness and abnormal sensation. Lumbar pain may precede leg pain or may occur simultaneously. The pain is mainly in the lower back or lumbosacral region, and the pain is deep and difficult to locate, usually dull, stabbing or radiating pain. The radiating pain in the lower extremity is manifested as sciatica or starts from the buttocks and gradually radiates to the posterior lateral thigh, lateral calf, dorsal foot and lateral plantar foot and toes, and is aggravated when the intra-abdominal pressure increases such as coughing, sneezing and urination and defecation. In severe cases, it is impossible to walk, sleepless at night or even out of incontinence and sexual dysfunction. Li Shuwen, Department of Cervical Spine Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University