The surface ulceration of a new organism in the esophagus is not necessarily a malignant manifestation, but may also be a combination of esophageal smooth muscle tumor with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, esophageal polyps and other diseases. 1. Esophageal smooth muscle tumor combined with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: esophageal smooth muscle tumor is a benign tumor of the esophagus, which grows slowly and has a long history. As the tumor grows and enlarges, it may manifest as dysphagia, retrosternal pain, nausea and vomiting. Esophageal smooth muscle tumor combined with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, gastroscopy, visible tumor surface inflammation ulceration bleeding. 2. Esophageal polyps: benign intraluminal lesions, usually solitary and slow-growing. The main symptoms are dysphagia, vomiting after eating, a few patients have vomiting blood, gastroscopy can see the surface of the polyp broken, erosion. 3. The surface ulceration of a new organism in esophagus may also be malignant manifestation. For example, the middle and late stage symptoms of esophageal cancer are progressive dysphagia, which often develops from difficulty in swallowing solid food to inability to swallow liquid food. Gastroscopic manifestation of early esophageal cancer is limited erosion and congestion of mucosa. Histologic classification is mostly squamous cell carcinoma. Esophagus see a new is the biological surface ulceration is not necessarily malignant manifestation, but should be timely consultation, clear diagnosis, and actively cooperate with the doctor’s treatment.