There are generally three ways to treat anastomotic fistula after esophageal cancer (esophageal cancer) surgery: open-heart surgical treatment of the original incision, conservative treatment, and endoscopic band-membrane stent placement. Specifically, it is necessary to choose any treatment according to the size of anastomotic fistula and patient’s condition. 1. original incision thoracotomy: if the chest anastomotic fistula is relatively large, there can be a large amount of pleural effusion drainage in the early postoperative period, conservative treatment is difficult to cure, at this time the thoracic cavity adhesion is light, can be the original incision thoracotomy surgery to remove the anastomosis and then re-anastomosis, or open for the second phase of the anastomosis, or separation of the anastomosis lifting to the neck. 2. Conservative treatment: neck anastomotic fistula, chest small anastomotic fistula can take conservative treatment, such as patient fasting, through the anastomotic fistula into the mediastinal drainage tube to wash the mediastinum, into the gastroduodenal nutrition tube for enteral nutrition, chest closed drainage, antibiotics and anti-infection treatment. 3. Endoscopic placement of membrane stent: some small anastomotic fistula in chest can be endoscopically placed with membrane stent to cover the fistula. For anastomotic fistula after esophageal cancer surgery, it is recommended to go to hospital for further consultation and treatment.