The difference between perianal eczema and perianal pruritus is that eczema is a disease and pruritus is a symptom; eczema can be itchy, but itching is not necessarily eczema. However, there is a difference between eczema and pruritus; eczema has skin lesions and pruritus has no primary skin lesions. Perianal eczema is an inflammatory disease of the anus and its surrounding skin, the cause of more, can be caused by the environment, food, chronic enteritis and other factors, often in the perianal area with itching symptoms, but also with erythema, papules, papules, vesicles and other symptoms. Pruritus only appeared perianal skin itching, and there is no obvious local primary rash, the etiology of the disease may be related to psychosomatic factors, parasites, anorectal lesions. It is recommended that patients pay attention to the hygiene and cleanliness of the perianal skin, go to the dermatology department of a regular hospital, follow the doctor’s instructions for a clear diagnosis and rational treatment.