Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common disease in newborns. Once diagnosed, blue light irradiation treatment should be done as soon as possible according to the situation. Light therapy, which is also commonly known as blue light therapy, is the preferred treatment for neonatal jaundice because it can effectively reduce serum unconjugated bilirubin and achieve the purpose of jaundice reduction. Blue light irradiation therapy, mainly choose blue light with wavelength 425 – 475nm and green light with wavelength 510 – 530nm, under the action of light wave, the unconjugated bilirubin in the blood transforms into water-soluble isomer, which is what we call photohemoglobin, and it is directly excreted through bile and urine without processing by the liver. When we perform the treatment we should protect the child’s eyes with black eye shields to avoid affecting the retina, and also cover the perineum-anal area with black cloth, leaving the rest of the body bare. Phototherapy can be continuous or intermittent, depending on the child’s condition. In the vast majority of children, jaundice subsides significantly with blue light therapy. Therefore, the results of blue light therapy as the treatment of choice for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia are satisfactory. Once a newborn is diagnosed with hyperbilirubinemia, it needs to be treated as soon as possible. Blue light irradiation therapy has been widely used as the preferred treatment method, and is safe and painless during the irradiation period, and the results are satisfactory.