The best treatment for anal fistula is to opt for surgery, which is a chronic infectious disease, mostly secondary to perianal abscesses. There are some chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestinal tract, such as Crohn’s disease, that also tend to lead to the formation of multiple fistulas in the anal opening. In addition, after surgery, especially surgery for perianal abscesses, local fistulae are formed and the patient may also have significant anal dampness, pain, itching, pus and blood discharge, and obvious fistulae with pus and blood flow from squeezing. For superficial anal fistulas, excision can be performed under local anesthesia, while complex fistulas should be incised under epidural anesthesia and the internal orifice needs to be explored. For high anal fistulas, a threaded treatment option is also required, and after surgery, intravenous anti-infective treatment and regular drug changes are needed.