Aspirin is a long-established antipyretic and analgesic drug, born on March 6, 1899. It can be used to treat colds, fever, headache, toothache, joint pain, rheumatism, etc. It can also inhibit platelet aggregation and be used to prevent and treat ischemic heart disease, angina pectoris, heart and lung infarction, and cerebral thrombosis. Clinical applications are more widespread, but aspirin has some new roles that people do not know much about. 1, antipyretic and analgesic: aspirin plays a role in relieving headache through vasodilation, and has a good effect on headache, toothache, neuralgia, muscle pain, etc.. It is also used to reduce fever for cold and flu. 2, anti-rheumatism: aspirin treatment of rheumatism can relieve fever, reduce inflammation, relieve joint pain and reduce blood sedimentation. After rheumatism symptoms are controlled, the addition of aspirin before discontinuing hormone can reduce the rebound phenomenon after hormone discontinuation. 3.Inhibit platelet aggregation: Aspirin has the function of inhibiting platelet aggregation and preventing thrombosis, which can be used to prevent transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, thrombosis after artificial heart valve, arteriovenous fistula or other surgeries, and treat unstable angina pectoris. 4, reduce the skin mucosal lymph node syndrome (Kawasaki disease): children with Kawasaki disease can use aspirin to reduce the inflammatory response and prevent intravascular thrombosis. 5.Resist cancer: In August 2014, scientists from Queen Mary found that aspirin reduced the mortality rate of patients with stomach, intestinal and esophageal cancers by 30-40%. Long-term low-dose oral aspirin has a suppressive effect on the occurrence of colorectal cancer, and for breast, prostate, and lung cancer, aspirin also played a role, but the effect was less pronounced. Studies have also found that aspirin should be taken consistently for at least 5 years to see positive effects. However, the side effects of long-term aspirin use include stomach bleeding and brain bleeding, which require careful monitoring of blood clotting. Although scientists have found that aspirin has the ability to prevent the development of cancer, the exact mechanism is still not too clear. A recent paper in the journal Nucleic Acids Research focused on a structure within the cell called the nucleolus, whose main function is to produce ribosomes, whose main function is to synthesize proteins. Tumor cells need to increase protein demand when they proliferate, leading to increased nucleolus demand. And aspirin can reduce the transcription factor activity of TIF-IA. Without TIF-IA, ribosomes can no longer be produced in the nucleolus, thus limiting the cell’s ability to produce proteins and acting as an inhibitor of tumor cells. In conclusion, aspirin as an old drug, with the discovery of scientists to develop its new therapeutic approach, perhaps some years later targeting TIF-IA and nucleolus aspects, extracts of aspirin can be used for relevant targeted therapies for further benefit of the people.