A child born with a small hole in the auricle is usually considered to have a congenital preauricular fistula. Congenital preauricular fistula is a congenital condition of the ear caused by embryonic dysplasia or incomplete fusion of the first and second gill arches. It can occur at the ear screen or at the auricle, and often a small round hole is found at the ear screen or at the auricle. When there is no infection there are no symptoms, but once local water is introduced or repeatedly squeezed, it can lead to local swelling and pain at the ear screen. In terms of treatment, if a patient is found to be septic or infected, local wiping with alcohol or iodophor is required twice a day. Once the abscess is formed, the pus will be removed by incision and drainage, and local medication will be changed twice a day, and when the pus is completely removed, surgery will be required. The surgery requires the removal of the fistula, fistula, and blind end of the preauricular fistula, because the preauricular fistula is like a tree root with many branches, and only after the branches are completely removed can recurrence be avoided.