Thyroid surgery is usually performed in the front of the neck, but in the case of endoscopic surgery, access to the thyroid gland in the neck may be through the subclavian, subaxillary areola, etc. The surgery is performed in the front of the neck at the thyroid gland. Thyroid surgery is performed in the anterior cervical region of the thyroid gland from the thyroid cartilage (laryngeal node) down to the 4th tracheal cartilage ring, and involves incision of the skin, the vastus cervicis muscle, and separation of the anterior cervical muscles before removal of the thyroid from the trachea, and the removal of nearby lymph nodes, if lymphatic metastases are possible. Thyroid surgical access can be categorized into general surgical access and endoscopic surgical access. General surgery is accessed by a transverse incision along the dermatomal line at the front of the neck, 2 transverse fingers above the suprasternal fossa. The thyroid gland is located at the deeper level of the incision, and a scar is left on the neck after surgery. Endoscopic surgery can be performed through the axilla, subclavian, subareolar, submandibular, etc., with a free flap to the thyroid gland. Endoscopic surgery is actually more invasive, but the incision is smaller and more aesthetically pleasing because it is hidden or covered by clothing. Patients are advised to seek prompt medical attention, fully understand the pros and cons of the various surgical procedures, and choose the appropriate procedure according to their needs.