No medication is needed for preauricular fistula without infection, and preauricular fistula infection usually requires surgical treatment. Pre-auricular fistula acute infection, commonly used antibiotics to fight infection, abscess formation needs to be incised and drained first, after the inflammation control and excision of the fistula, if necessary, within the infected period of excision. Pre-auricular fistula belongs to the congenital ear malformation, mainly caused by congenital developmental abnormalities, for the embryonic period of the 1st and 2nd gill arch dysplasia or the 1st gill groove closure is incomplete, is a kind of autosomal dominant genetic disease. Fistula is mostly unilateral or bilateral. Fistula in front of the ear is usually asymptomatic and does not require any treatment, usually pay attention to keep the local clean. When the fistula in front of the ear secondary infection, the local redness, swelling and pain, often forming an abscess, the abscess can form an abscess fistula. Acute infection requires antibiotic anti-infection treatment, can be localized topical erythromycin ointment, mupirocin ointment, etc., if necessary, systemic application of antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, cefuroxime. Local abscess formation should be incised and drained first, and then operated after inflammation control. For those who have recurrent infections and cannot be completely controlled by conservative treatment, surgery can be performed during the period of infection. It is recommended that patients with preauricular fistula infections should consult the hospital and follow the doctor’s instructions for medication and surgical treatment.