The effects of diabetes on the digestive system are multifaceted and interact with diabetic digestive pathologies, which must be treated simultaneously. A variety of oral lesions can be seen in diabetic patients, oral mucosal disease, dental caries, and especially periodontal disease are the most common, resulting in premature loosening and loss of teeth. Some patients are not very old, but have lost all their teeth. The esophagus and gastrointestinal tract tend to have weakened peristalsis and prolonged emptying time, and in severe cases, gastroparesis may occur. Patients with gastroparesis may experience nausea, postprandial epigastric distention and vomiting. Due to impaired absorption, the patient’s blood sugar is often difficult to control, with recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. Many patients complain of abnormal stools, mostly constipation, but also diarrhea, or alternating diarrhea and constipation, which overwhelms the patient. The pancreas may also be affected. The prevalence of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer are both increased in diabetic patients, and acute and chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer may also be a predisposing cause of diabetes. The same is true for the relationship between the interactions between diabetes and the hepatobiliary system. The principles of treatment for diabetic digestive system lesions, like other chronic complications, include diabetic control, treatment of diabetic vascular neuropathy, symptomatic treatment, and surgical treatment if necessary. It is worth reminding that digestive system lesions may affect the digestive and absorption functions of diabetic patients, causing malnutrition in patients, and should be properly supplemented with vitamins and other nutrients. If the patient has abnormal stool, diarrhea can be treated with anticholinergics such as colistin and 654-2, astringents such as bismuth, ellagitin, emmenagogue or drugs such as safranin and herbs. If constipation is present, it is best to use laxative herbs such as Ma Ren Zi Shen Wan, Ma Ren Run Yin Wan, Laxative, Xin Qing Ning, Senna, etc., or topical medications such as Kai Cai Lu, etc. Also, pay attention to drinking more water and maintaining good bowel habits.