Asthma, also known as bronchial asthma, is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract. The main symptoms of children with asthma are recurrent episodes of wheezing, dyspnea, chest tightness and coughing, and the symptoms often worsen or flare up after strenuous activity and at night. The chronic inflammation of asthma is a non-specific allergic inflammation rather than an acute inflammation caused by microbial infections such as bacteria and viruses, and therefore, routine treatment with antibiotics is ineffective in children with asthma. Asthma is not like a cold or bronchitis that can be cured at once. Chronic inflammation in the airways of children with asthma exists both during the exacerbation and remission phases. Therefore, children with asthma are extremely sensitive to certain factors that may trigger asthma, which is medically known as “airway hyperresponsiveness”. The most common factors causing asthma attacks 1, allergens: ① inhalants: dust mites, house dust, mold, polyvalent pollen (Artemisia ragweed), feathers, etc. ② Food: mainly heterogeneous proteins such as milk, eggs, fish and shrimp spices, etc. Food allergy is common in infancy and gradually decreases after 4 to 5 years of age. 2, non-specific irritants: such as dust, smoke (including cigarettes and mosquito incense), odors (industrial irritant gas cooking oil smell and oil knee taste), too salty, sweet food with stimulation. 3, climate change. 4, emotional factors: such as crying and laughing or anger, fear can cause asthma attacks. 5, genetic factors: asthma is hereditary, the affected family and personal allergy history, such as asthma infants with eczema, urticaria, allergic rhinitis and other prevalence is higher than the general group. 6, strenuous exercise. 7.Medications: such as aspirin-based drugs Long-term standardized treatment (stepped treatment program for asthma) According to the “Prevention and Control Routine of Bronchial Asthma in Children (Trial)” revised by the Respiratory Group of the Pediatric Branch of the Chinese Medical Association in 2003, asthma requires long-term standardized treatment, with the dose of medication started being decided according to the severity (level) of asthma, and then the treatment program is reviewed every 1 to 3 months at all levels of treatment Once symptoms are controlled, the regimen is consolidated for at least 3 months and then stepped down until the minimum dose to maintain asthma control is determined. If asthma is not controlled, escalate treatment immediately, but first check the child’s aspiration technique, adherence to the medication regimen, and avoidance of allergens and other triggers, which is the stepped treatment regimen for asthma. The vast majority of pediatric asthma can be relieved if it is prevented and treated promptly and correctly. By adhering to long-term standardized treatment, there is still hope for the future of children with asthma.