It is possible to induce reflux cholangitis after gallstone surgery. Reflux cholangitis is a bile duct infection caused by the invasion of bacteria from the intestines into the bile ducts, which leads to inflammatory diseases of the bile ducts. Reflux cholangitis occurs in patients after biliary surgery, the main reason is that the patient’s resistance is low after the surgery, and the intestinal bacteria may invade the bile ducts during or after the surgery. The main symptoms of reflux cholangitis are high fever, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting due to infectious inflammation, which may even lead to infectious shock if the infection is severe. When the patient has the above symptoms, it is recommended to consult a doctor immediately, monitor the vital signs to see if they are stable, improve the abdominal CT, blood routine, blood biochemistry, infection indexes, coagulation indexes and other tests, and carry out the treatment under the doctor’s advice and guidance.