Esophageal tumors have benign lesions and malignant lesions. For benign lesions, there are the following: 1. esophageal venous tumors, most of which are benign lesions formed by submucosal venous tumors due to venous tortuosity or venous bulging. 2. esophageal smooth muscle tumors, which often occur in the submucosal layer or intrinsic muscle layer, can generally be considered for clinical observation if they are less than 2 cm, and can be considered for endoscopic ESD debulking if they are larger. 3. esophageal mesenchymal tumors, which occur less frequently in the esophagus and more often in the stomach, but can also be considered for ESD debulking. 3. esophageal mesenchymal tumors, which occur less frequently in the esophagus and more often in the stomach, but can also occur in the esophagus, are also benign. 4. polypoid tumors, which are also benign, are rare. For lesions that require histological biopsy, or benign lesions that have malignant development, pathological examination needs to be completed to further exclude them.