Diabetics have a problem that they do not heal easily when they have a wound on their body. This wound, if it occurs on the foot, is not treated in time and the wound becomes infected or enlarges, this is a diabetic foot. Most cases of diabetic foot are formed in this way, but of course there are other cases, such as toe vascular embolism, which are relatively easy to detect because of the seriousness of the onset. If a diabetic foot forms and is not treated effectively, what are the consequences? It is easy to think of amputation, causing inconvenience to life. In fact, because patients mostly strive to preserve the affected limb, the long-term untreated infected necrotic tissue keeps releasing toxins, which seriously affects the heart, liver and kidney functions, leading to the failure of these organs, such as increased urine protein, insufficient synthesis of liver albumin, insufficient heart function and sudden death, if not properly treated, patients can survive for about 2 years on average. Therefore, patients with diabetic foot should be treated promptly and appropriately. Once a foot infection is detected, timely treatment and treatment may no longer progress to the severity of a diabetic foot, and more importantly, keep the foot from becoming infected. In the hot summer, although it is hot and easy to get infected, because of frequent washing and barefoot, it is convenient to check and easy to find any problems, and some small breaks can be healed quickly with some local medication. In winter, although the chances of getting traumatized are reduced by wearing socks and shoes every day, the socks and shoes worn, and even the feet themselves, can cause damage to the feet, and because of wearing socks and shoes, patients mostly ignore the important daily homework – foot examination. Why is this so? This is because the majority of diabetic patients foot sweat glands are violated, the original sweaty feet no longer sweat in winter, dry skin, very easy to crack; foot is the farthest from the heart, while the worst blood return, diabetes, the peripheral circulation is most likely to be damaged, resulting in impaired blood supply to the skin; at the same time, the nerve fibers that govern the sweat glands, skin damage, performance of various sensations in the foot is reduced, such as the sensation of hot and cold At the same time, the nerve fibers that govern the sweat glands and skin are damaged, manifesting a variety of foot sensations, such as decreased sensation of heat and cold, which can easily lead to frostbite and burns, and decreased tactile function, which is not perceived by the wear and tear of uneven places in shoes and folds of socks, which may lead to damage over time; the resistance of the foot is reduced, and the toenail is prone to fungal infection, resulting in abnormal growth of the toenail, which may lead to extrusion damage of the skin tissue at the edge of the toenail, and so on. To avoid these dangers, the main thing is to take good care of their feet. The first is to wash the feet, because the patient’s feet may have problems with the sense of temperature, can not correctly perceive the temperature, so you should first sense the water temperature by hand, in order to prevent burns, hand perception for foot washing water temperature should be warm water. If warm water foot soaks are needed for physical therapy to improve blood circulation to the feet and promote nerve and skin repair, it is recommended that a thermometer be used to control the water temperature. The temperature of the water used should preferably be 38 to 42°C, 5 to 10°C above the normal temperature of the skin is appropriate. It is enough to use water, such as soaking feet with some Chinese herbs, etc. Pay attention to washing with water after soaking, so as not to cause frictional injuries after wearing shoes and socks with solute fine residue. Every time you wash your feet, use a dry soft cloth towel to absorb the water on your feet, not forgetting the bottom of your toes and toe joints. Next is a pedicure, because there is no official domestic podiatrist, pedicure is mostly carried out by the patient himself, only special cases to the hospital surgical treatment. Whether or not there is a toenail fungal infection, toenail deformation, pedicure are to cut to the edge of the nail and skin and maintain a certain distance, less than the edge. If there is a toenail involved in the nail groove, should be carefully trimmed, do not damage the skin, such as the occurrence of injury, immediately local debridement with drugs. Finally, shoes and socks, socks require seamless textile cotton socks, preferably with a certain thickness, insulation and cushioning pressure. Check the inside of the socks often, and it is best to wash the socks after they are rolled over to prevent damage to the foot if there are threads inside the socks in clumps or into trip wires. Shoes should be neither too big nor too small. Shoes that are too big or too small cause uneven force on the foot. You should choose thick-soled, wide-toed shoes to ensure even force on the bottom of the foot and reduce local friction. In addition, every time you wear shoes, you should insert your hand into the shoe to check for small foreign objects. Shouldn’t every diabetic patient do this? In theory, every diabetic should maintain such good foot care habits, and even non-diabetic healthy people will benefit from them. And in practice, the above process is easy to do in daily life after developing the habit, but those patients who are at high risk for diabetic foot are the ones who must do it. Which diabetic patients are at high risk for diabetic foot? Patients who have diabetes for more than 10 years, have vascular disease in the lower extremities (manifested by pain in the lower extremities after walking a certain distance, weakness, muscle atrophy, and darkening of the skin), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (manifested by sensory hypersensitivity in the lower extremities such as pain, numbness, itchiness and sensory loss such as wood and loss of temperature and vibration sensation), and patients with large fluctuations in blood glucose that are not controlled and stable, have one of these, are at high risk for diabetic foot. There are also diabetic patients who may need to be examined before they are found to have vascular neuropathy; therefore, diabetic patients should have regular vascular and neurological function tests. If a diabetic foot infection occurs, it is important for the patient to seek medical attention from a specialized hospital. Failure to receive proper treatment may also aggravate the condition. At present, the treatment of diabetic foot in Shanghai is still scattered among the endocrinology departments of major hospitals, and it is difficult to get multidisciplinary joint professional treatment, and most hospitals refuse to admit such patients due to the poor efficacy of treatment.