Respiratory failure is a severe impairment of pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange caused by any reason and can be categorized as acute and chronic respiratory failure. Emergency care can be provided by keeping the airway open, oxygen intake and medication. 1. Keep the airway open: In first aid for patients with respiratory failure, the first thing to do is to keep the patient’s airway open, for example, using suitable bronchodilators such as salbutamol, to alleviate the patient’s respiratory failure, and at the same time you can use expectorant drugs such as acetylcysteine or tools such as suction tubes, to remove sputum from the patient’s oral cavity and the trachea, to avoid the patient’s phlegm from blocking the airway to aggravate the symptoms. 2. Oxygen intake: Another cause of respiratory failure is the high concentration of carbon dioxide in the body, oxygen can be inhaled to the patient, and when possible, a ventilator can be used to help the patient to inhale oxygen, and tracheal intubation can be chosen when the symptoms of hypoxia are not relieved obviously. 3. Drug therapy: some patients with respiratory failure is due to lung or bronchial infection, you can give the patient at the same time the use of antibiotics, such as cephalosporins, through the control of infection to alleviate the patient’s respiratory failure. Respiratory failure patient first aid must not panic, the patient is not in the hospital should be the first time to the hospital to receive systematic and formal emergency measures.