CT has relatively high resolution and can differentiate between pneumonia and tuberculosis. For pneumonia, CT imaging is mainly characterized by the presence of solid lung lesions, or flaky thin inflammatory lesions with blurred margins. For tuberculosis, the imaging characteristics are mainly in the post-apical segment of the upper lobe, the dorsal segment of the lower lobe and the posterior basal segment, with a variety of patterns co-existing, showing proliferation, infiltration, caseous, fibrotic foci, calcified foci co-existing, with inhomogeneous density, clearer margins, and prone to the formation of cavities and dissemination of foci. Pneumonia is mainly treated with anti-inflammatory therapy, while tuberculosis is mainly treated with standardized anti-tuberculosis therapy for a period of 6-9 months.