What types of incisions are used in rhinoplasty? What are the advantages of each?

  The surgery begins with an incision of the skin; therefore, the selection of the surgical incision is the first step in rhinoplasty. Just like walking into a room and first opening a door at the right wall location, the incision is of great importance for the success of the surgery. The choice of the incision for rhinoplasty is mainly determined by the surgical approach. The incision should be concealed and have a small scar after suturing; it should also provide quick access to the bone and cartilage structures of the nose and clearly expose the tissue structures to be treated. From the clinician’s point of view, the main incisions include transcartilaginous incision, intercartilaginous incision, nasal margin incision, transcolumnar incision, nasal margin soft triangular incision, transoral labiogingival groove incision, and if the nose is to be reduced, a nasal tip incision or nasal base incision is required.  For simple rhinoplasty, many doctors use a soft triangular incision on the right side of the nasal columella, with an incision length of 4-6 mm, which is very concealed and can be easily placed into the silicone or expanded prosthesis; the skin mucosal surface is neatly aligned when the incision is sutured, and the scar is very slight. However, this incision cannot expose the soft tissues, not to mention the cartilage and bone. Therefore, it requires a surgeon with extensive clinical experience to peel off a cavity that is centered and the right width under blind vision.  Another commonly used incision is the transcolumnar incision, which is usually made in the narrowest central part of the nasal column, extending to the nasal margins on both sides, and then continuing posteriorly up to the intercartilage incision. In this way, the deeper bones and cartilage can be well seen and treated through adequate separation and exposure. As such, this is the classic surgical incision for rhinoplasty abroad and one that is increasingly being used in China. Through thorough separation, not only can soft tissues such as nasal skin be effectively lengthened, but also almost all rhinoplasty operations such as osteotomy, cartilage placement and rearrangement, soft tissue treatment prosthesis implantation, and suturing can be done. The scarring is also generally very minimal through precise alignment sutures on both sides of the incision.