Pediatric physical examination usually includes general examination, medical examination, surgical examination, vision examination and oral examination. It is used to make basic assessment on the growth and development as well as health of children, which helps to detect diseases and treat them early to ensure healthy growth of children. Its specific clinical significance is as follows: 1. General examination: such as height, weight, blood pressure, body mass index, etc., to understand the development of the body and exclude developmental delay, excessive growth, abnormal blood pressure, etc.; 2. Internal examination: including abdominal palpation, heart auscultation, tendon reflex and mental and neurological examination to determine the basic condition of internal organs and nervous system; 3. Surgical examination: mainly examining the skin, superficial lymph nodes, the 3.Surgical examination: mainly check the skin, superficial lymph nodes, thyroid gland, spine, joints of limbs and anal finger examination to determine the development of muscles, bones and genitalia; 4.Visual examination: mainly screen for myopia, color weakness, color blindness and refractive error; 5.Oral examination: mainly check for dental caries, exclude abnormalities of oral mucosa and oral glands and observe the eruption of teeth. In order to avoid children’s fear of physical examination, it is recommended to give reassurance and guidance before the examination to reduce the fear psychology and gain trust.