China is a large country in terms of tobacco cultivation, production and sales, and it is also the country most seriously victimized by tobacco. The total number of smokers in China exceeds 350 million, and the number of people who suffer from the harmful effects of passive smoking is as high as 540 million, including 180 million children under the age of 15. Smoking is a behavioral risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other diseases, seriously endangering people’s health.In 2005, the number of deaths directly attributable to tobacco use in China reached 1.2 million from tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases and other diseases, and shows a continuous growth, and it is expected that by 2030 it will reach 2 million. We come from the front line of clinical prevention and treatment, deeply feel the threat of tobacco to health and life; strongly realize that, if not actively respond to, tobacco will take more lives, affecting the stability of the country, the development of the realization of a harmonious society. Tobacco harm is predictable and controllable. We believe that the government should establish a government-led, multi-party cooperation, media mobilization and extensive public participation in the mechanism, comprehensive tobacco control. To this end, we call for: 1. Serious implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, and actively promote tobacco control related legislation. 2. Increase investment in tobacco control, especially in tobacco control publicity and education, community prevention and treatment demonstration and intervention. 3. The mass media should work closely with tobacco-related disease prevention and treatment organizations and experts to actively provide publicity services to prevent and control tobacco hazards. 4. Medical and healthcare institutions and medical personnel take the lead in action, act as pioneers in tobacco control, actively promote the construction of smoke-free medical and healthcare institutions, implement the first-visit responsibility system for routinely instructing patients on smoking cessation, and carry out publicity and education on the hazards of tobacco and tobacco control. 5. Actively implement and promote clinical diagnostic and treatment standards for smoking cessation intervention to improve the success rate of smoking cessation. Advocating a healthy lifestyle: “Quit smoking, limit alcohol, eat reasonably, exercise scientifically, and have a balanced mindset”. Tobacco control in China has a long way to go. Let us take action, for the health of the nation, for the prosperity of the country, refuse tobacco, care for life, win a people’s war on tobacco control!