In clinical practice, the deep venous system of the lower extremity includes the anterior tibial vein, posterior tibial vein, peroneal vein, popliteal vein, superficial femoral vein, deep femoral vein, common femoral vein, and external iliac vein. In general, the normal human anatomy, the deep veins of the lower leg are composed of the anterior tibial vein, posterior tibial vein, and peroneal vein. The posterior tibiofibular vein joins with the peroneal vein to form the tibiofibular trunk, and the tibiofibular trunk joins with the anterior tibiofibular vein to form the popliteal vein, which moves upward into the superficial femoral vein, and in the plane of the lesser trochanter, the deep femoral vein joins with the superficial femoral vein to form the common femoral vein, and the inferior border of the inguinal ligament moves into the external iliac vein. The knowledge of the deep vein system of the lower extremities is beneficial to the diagnosis of the patient’s disease, and if the patient develops deep vein thrombosis, it is important to make a determination of the location, size and extent of the deep veins at this time for better treatment.