Gliomas require a disease-specific approach to determine the need for surgery, and the current treatment for gliomas continues to be surgical. Gliomas are genetically and environmentally related. Some known genetic disorders, such as neurofibromatosis (type I) as well as tuberous sclerosis, predispose to the development of gliomas. In addition, certain environmental carcinogens, such as ionizing radiation, may be associated with the development of gliomas. Currently, the most effective treatment for gliomas is surgery. Surgery directly removes tumor tissue, reduces intracranial pressure, and improves symptoms quickly and effectively. Surgical removal of the tumor prolongs the patient’s life and can create an opportunity for other comprehensive treatments to follow. The principle of surgical treatment is to remove the tumor as much as possible under the premise of preserving nerve function. Postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy for glioma are very necessary. Radiotherapy mainly includes conventional radiation therapy, stereotactic radiation therapy, radionuclide internal radiation therapy and so on. In chemotherapy, temozolomide can significantly prolong the life of patients with high-grade glioma. Some patients can also be treated with electric field therapy. In the daily life of glioma patients, it is necessary to develop healthy eating habits, focus on light diet and reduce the intake of fatty foods. When patients have long-term headache, dizziness, limb movement disorders and sensory abnormalities and other symptoms, they should go to the hospital in time to improve the relevant examination, and follow the doctor’s instructions to standardize the treatment.