The hypothalamus is the lower part of the subthalamic sulcus, which forms the base and lateral wall of the third ventricle and includes the supraventricular, nodal and papillary areas, and is the center of the endocrine system, regulating autonomic and vegetative functions. A variety of diseases can cause damage to the hypothalamus, such as the most common germ cell tumors, craniopharyngioma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and lymphocytic hypothalamic pituitary inflammation. The treatment of hypothalamic syndrome caused by hypothalamic damage mainly includes water balance, for example, measuring out to in. In the case of combined uremic syndrome, treatment is done with mydriasis, and if there is an eating disorder, calorie setting and regular meals are required. If there is a thermoregulatory disorder, physical cooling and warmth should be taken care of. If there is also an abnormality of anterior pituitary function, physiological replacement therapy should be performed. If various etiologies are present, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy for tumors, and for autoimmune inflammatory diseases, treatment with glucocorticoids or immunosuppressive agents are required.