Thalassemia gene testing is not a mandatory program for pregnant women, but should be done for both spouses or one of the suspected thalassemia gene carriers. For both spouses or one of the spouses from Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Chongqing and other regions or races with a higher risk of carrying, should be screened for thalassemia, the examination items include blood routine and hemoglobin composition analysis, for suspected thalassemia gene carriers should be further carried out in the thalassemia gene test to clarify the diagnosis and typing. Thalassemia is a hereditary hemolytic anemia caused by defects in the bead protein gene, and it is one of the common single-gene genetic diseases in clinic. Screening for thalassemia should be conducted in early pregnancy or before pregnancy, and if there is any abnormality, it is necessary to consult obstetrics outpatient clinic and hematology outpatient clinic in time.