There is no newest clinical treatment for optic nerve atrophy for the time being. It has been found that stem cell therapy can alleviate optic nerve atrophy, but it has not yet been applied in the clinic. Optic nerve atrophy can be categorized into primary and secondary, and patients can be treated according to the cause of the disease, such as surgical treatment and drug treatment. 1. Treatment of primary disease: optic nerve atrophy caused by pituitary tumor and optic nerve atrophy caused by fracture of optic nerve canal due to trauma, patients can follow the doctor’s instructions to decompress the optic nerve through surgery, release the pressure and improve the condition, such as surgical resection of pituitary tumor and so on. 2. Drug treatment: In the early stage of optic nerve atrophy, patients can follow the doctor’s instructions to use glucocorticoid treatment can relieve the condition, such as dexamethasone. In addition to other medications, patients can also use drugs that nourish the optic nerve as prescribed by the doctor, such as methylcobalamin. It is recommended that patients with optic nerve atrophy seek prompt medical attention to evaluate their condition and follow the doctor’s instructions for treatment.