Cranial MRI is an important basis for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of bilirubin encephalopathy. Bilirubin encephalopathy cranial nuclear magnetic resonance can show the characteristic manifestation of pallid globules in the brain, which is suggestive and supportive of the diagnosis of this disease, and also has important significance for the differentiation of bilirubin encephalopathy and neonatal ischemic-hypoxic encephalopathy, hepatomegaly, hypoglycemic brain injury and other diseases. Therefore, cranial magnetic resonance imaging should be performed in all cases of suspected bilirubin encephalopathy as long as conditions permit. It should also be noted that in addition to MRI, history, clinical manifestations and signs, measurement of bilirubin levels, and brainstem auditory evoked potentials are also important bases for diagnosis. Therefore, people with symptoms related to bilirubin encephalopathy must be examined and diagnosed under the guidance of a professional doctor, and should not make blind judgment or do anything on their own to avoid adverse consequences.