The dura mater is an anatomical structure of the human body, is the outermost of the three layers of periosteum on the surface of the brain and spinal cord, has the role of supporting and protecting the brain and spinal cord, is a layer of dense connective tissue, thick and tough, including the dura mater and the dura mater two parts. The upper end of the dura mater is attached to the edge of the foramen magnum of the occipital bone, continuing the dura mater, and the lower end is attached to the tailbone. The dura mater wraps around and protects the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots. The dura mater is a thick and tough double membrane structure, between the double membrane travels a wealth of blood vessels and nerves. The dura mater migrates into the neural ependymis at the site where the brain nerves exit the skull. The inner layer of the dura mater forms protrusions that run between the brain parts and protects the brain tissue better. In conclusion, the dura mater is an essential anatomical structure for the protection of the brain and spinal cord, but it is prone to tearing during trauma and does not heal easily after injury, so special attention is needed to avoid injury.