Wang Ju, Department of General Surgery, People’s Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region The above is a colonic and rectal specimen from a patient with familial polyposis that I recently performed. The patient was a male, 50 years old, who presented with blood in the stool for 5 years. Colonoscopy showed that the whole colon was filled with countless polyps of different sizes, including a large ulcer in the rectum 10 cm from the anus, and the pathological diagnosis was rectal cancer. On April 2, 2011, I performed laparoscopic total radical resection of colon and rectum and ileal pouch anastomosis on this patient. The patient is recovering well and is now active and eating. This case reminds us that family members with familial polyposis must be examined at the hospital as early as possible, and once diagnosed should be operated in time to avoid malignant transformation and delay the best treatment time!