Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who have pleural effusion are considered to have pleural effusion due to tuberculosis according to the homologation theory. In this case, ultrasound examination of pleural fluid should be performed to clarify the amount of pleural fluid and whether there is an indication for thoracentesis, and if thoracentesis can be performed, try to extract pleural fluid: 1) laboratory tests can be performed to clarify the nature of pleural fluid; 2) extraction of pleural fluid can promote lung reopening and reduce the occurrence of pleural adhesions. For some patients with a small amount of pleural effusion and who cannot undergo thoracentesis, anti-tuberculosis treatment can be continued with anti-tuberculosis drugs, which can reduce the production of pleural fluid. In addition, small doses of hormones can be given on top of this treatment to reduce inflammatory exudation and prevent pleural adhesions.