The severity of emphysema symptoms is related to the severity of the disease, with the mildest symptoms being those that are not apparent. Emphysema is a relatively common clinical respiratory disease, the causes of which are mainly related to smoking and air pollution. Emphysema is a chronic disease, and the severity of emphysema symptoms is related to the severity of the disease, i.e., early, middle, and late. In the early stage, there may be no obvious clinical symptoms. As the disease develops, dyspnea may gradually increase, and even the further development of emphysema may turn into chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary heart disease (PHD). When chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary heart disease are reached, respiratory failure may occur. Emphysema patients should pay attention to prevention, timely smoking cessation, strict prevention of colds, try to avoid exposure to smoky environments, can be actively treated under the guidance of the doctor.