Ovarian cysts are a common gynecological condition, but most women with ovarian cysts are found to have them during a physical examination, ultrasound or gynecological examination. Ovarian cysts accompanied by a feeling of anal swelling in women, most commonly seen in the ovary endometriosis cysts, commonly known as chocolate cysts, combined with endometriosis in the pelvis. This patient is usually prone to anal swelling, especially during menstrual periods. As there is endometriosis in the pelvis, there is bleeding from the pelvic endometriosis lesions, most of which are in the uterorectal fossa, and this kind of sensation of anal swelling may occur during menstruation. Therefore, women with ovarian cysts combined with a feeling of anal distension need to go to the hospital to check for gynecological endometriosis, and then say how to give the right treatment.