Dietetic care for megaloblastic anemia

  Megaloblastic anemia is not uncommon in our life. It is an anemia formed by the presence of megaloblastic cells with abnormal morphology and function in the bone marrow due to folic acid and/or vitamin B12 deficiency or some specific reason that impairs the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the nucleus of the cells, and cell division cannot proceed smoothly. Among megaloblastic anemia, nutritional megaloblastic anemia accounts for 90%, of which folic acid deficiency accounts for 90%. Folic acid and vitamin B12 can be effectively supplemented through dietary therapy, which can be an adjunctive treatment for megaloblastic anemia. The following points should be noted in dietary therapy: ① Folic acid-rich foods: Folic acid is most abundant in fresh green leafy vegetables, such as carrots, spinach, potatoes, apples, tomatoes, etc., while soybeans, beef liver, chicken, pork and eggs also contain high levels of folic acid. ②Foods rich in vitamin B12: Vitamin B12 is high in animal foods, such as beef liver, lamb liver, beef, goat’s milk, dried cheese, milk, and eggs. In addition, there are stinky tofu, soybeans, wheat noodles and soy tofu. The content of vitamin B12 in breast milk is not high, infant feeding is appropriate to add supplementary food in a timely manner. ③Pay attention to cooking methods: the loss of folic acid content after cooking food can be more than 50%, especially after boiling water is more loss, so the boiling time of food should not be too long. Vitamin C: Vitamin C is involved in the reduction of folic acid, and when there is a lack of vitamin C, it can lead to folic acid deficiency. Recommended the following recipes: (1) Angelica lamb soup Recipe: lamb 500 grams, Angelica 25 grams, Ginseng 25 grams, Astragalus 25 grams, ginger, salt appropriate amount.  Method: cut the lamb into small pieces, angelica, ginseng, astragalus in a gauze bag, put the same pot, add 2000 ml of water, simmering until the lamb is rotten, add ginger, salt.  Usage: Eat meat and drink soup.  Efficacy: to benefit the qi and blood.  Indications: For megaloblastic anemia with deficiency of both qi and blood.  Source: “70 Questions on Anemia Prevention and Control”.  (2) Vegetable and fruit juice Recipe: 200g spinach, 400g carrot, 100g orange, 100g celery, 400g apple, 60ml milk.  Preparation: rolling juice.  Usage: Take the juice with milk and drink it twice a day, 10 ml each time.  Effect: This product is rich in a variety of vitamins, proteins, megaloblastic blood tonic effect.  Indications: Indicated for megaloblastic anemia.  Provenance: “Chinese Medicine Meal Therapy for 100 Diseases”.  (3) red dates simmered elbow Recipe: 100 grams of red dates, 100 grams of pork elbow, 150 grams of rock sugar, several pieces of pork bones.  Method: put the sugar into a pot, stir-fried into a dark yellow sugar juice, add the pork bones, add water to 2500 ml, put the pork elbow, boil, remove the froth, add the red dates and the remaining sugar, simmer slowly over a light fire until the pork elbow is cooked and rotten, the juice is sticky.  Usage: Eat alone or as a side dish.  Effects: Tonifying the spleen and stomach, nourishing Yin and nourishing blood.  Indications: Indicated for megaloblastic anemia.  Provenance: “70 Questions on Anemia Prevention and Control”.