Antiepileptic drugs, have a special importance in the treatment of seizures. Antiepileptic drugs can eliminate or reduce seizures in two ways: one is to affect central neurons to prevent or reduce their pathological transitional discharges; the other is to increase the excitation threshold of normal brain tissue, attenuate the spread of focal excitation, and prevent seizure recurrence. The antiepileptic drugs synthesized before the 1960s, such as phenytoin sodium, carbamazepine, ethosuximide, and sodium valproate, are generally called old antiepileptic drugs, among which phenobarbital, phenytoin sodium, carbamazepine, and sodium valproate are the first-line antiepileptic drugs that are widely used now. Phenytoin sodium has a strong effect; high efficacy; preferred for grand mal seizures, followed by psychomotor seizures, and also good for limited seizures, but ineffective or even worse for petit mal seizures; no drowsiness; large safety range; slow action. It takes 3 to 4 days for oral administration to become effective, and is used for seizure prevention and maintenance treatment; while phenobarbital is mainly used for symptom control. Phenobarbital, Luminal inhibits the motor area of the cerebral cortex, raises the threshold of convulsions, directly inhibits the focal discharge, and limits the spread of discharge to normalize the EEG of grand mal seizures. It has fast action, long duration of action (6hr), low toxicity and greater safety, and can be preferred for grand mal seizure control; it is less effective for petit mal seizures and psychomotor seizures. Do not suddenly stop the drug, long-term application may lead to addiction. 3. Sodium valproate (antiepileptic spirit, sodium dipropylacetate) does not inhibit the discharge of epileptic foci, but prevents the spread of abnormal discharges. It is effective for all types of epilepsy and is the drug of choice for petit mal seizures. Low long-term toxicity and few adverse reactions. 4. Carbamazepine (CBZ) is mainly used for partial seizures, but also for generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Good selective efficacy; effective range of relatively non-sedative effects; small impact on cognitive function; small teratogenicity; relatively low cost. However, the spectrum of indications is small; there may be gastrointestinal reactions at the beginning of application; there are self-enzyme-inducing effects; a few have hepatic and bone marrow inhibition; rash and other idiosyncratic reactions are common; there are toxic metabolites of epoxide. Topiramate (TGB) is mainly used for refractory partial seizures, partial seizures followed by generalized seizures, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, infantile spasms and generalized seizures. It has been used in recent years for monotherapy of various seizure types, but its efficacy in typical aphasic seizures is uncertain. Broad therapeutic spectrum; good selective efficacy; few drug interactions; good pharmacokinetics; no hepatic enzyme-inducing effects; no need to monitor serum drug concentration levels; no toxic effects on liver and blood system. 6. lamotrigine (LTG) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug used for the treatment of tonic-clonic seizures, myoclonic seizures, atonic seizures, atonic seizures, tonic seizures and partial seizures; it can also be used for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. -clonic seizures. Patients have had good results with monotherapy. Wide therapeutic spectrum; good pharmacokinetics, 1 or 2 doses per day; non-hepatic enzyme induction; monotherapy possible; no drowsiness; no long-term tissue damage or cognitive impairment; no need to monitor serum drug levels; few drug-drug interactions; antidepressant effects. 7. oxcarbazepine (oxcarbazepine,OXC) is indicated for primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, partial seizures with or without secondary generalized seizures, with good selective efficacy; well tolerated; few interactions. The incidence of rash is significantly lower than that of carbamazepine. No need to monitor blood levels. No self-induced effects. Higher incidence of hyponatremia than carbamazepine and 25% cross-allergic reaction with carbamazepine.