The first move: wear a mask! How to choose a mask? How to wear? How to throw? How to choose the mask model The pictures in this article come from the network, if there is infringement, please contact the platform 1, medical protective masks (N95/KN95): in line with China GB 19083-2010 standard, filtration efficiency ≥ 95% (non-oily particulate test). Requirement to pass synthetic blood penetration test (to prevent splashing of body fluids), in line with microbial indicators. N95 mask for the U.S. NIOSH certification, non-oil particulate matter filtration efficiency ≥ 95%. KN95 mask for China GB 2626 mandatory standards, non-oil particulate matter filtration efficiency ≥ 95%. 2, medical surgical masks: generally made of non-woven materials, including the filter layer, mask belt and nose clip. Standard medical surgical masks are divided into three layers, the outer layer has a water-blocking effect, to prevent droplets from entering the mask inside; the middle layer has a filtering effect, can block > 90% of the 5μm particles; near the mouth and nose of the inner layer for moisture absorption. In daily life, it can be used to prevent the spread of influenza, respiratory system and other infectious diseases. 3.KN90 mask: for non-oil particles above 0.075μm filtration efficiency is >90%. To prevent new coronavirus, it is recommended to use medical protective masks (N95/KN95) or medical surgical masks. It should be noted that N95 masks provide tight protection, but there will be a noticeable stuffy feeling after wearing them for a long time. Therefore, when wearing N95 masks, the duration should not exceed 4 hours at a time, and if the N95 mask is used continuously for a long time, it may cause lung damage. At the same time, it is recommended not to give children under 7 years old to wear N95 masks, even N95 masks with special air valve design, because the breathing resistance will be too large and children have the risk of suffocation. Correctly wear a mask The first step in protection The pictures in this article come from the Internet, if there is infringement, please contact the platform When wearing a mask, the folded surface should be completely expanded, the nose, mouth, jaw completely wrapped, and then press the nose clip, so that the mask and face completely fit. When wearing a mask, you should pay attention to the following points: 1. Wash your hands before wearing the mask, and dry them after washing your hands, so as not to get the mask wet. 2, avoid hand contact with the inner surface of the mask during the process of wearing the mask to reduce the possibility of the mask being contaminated. 3.Distinguish the inside and outside of the mask, the upper and lower, generally light-colored surface is the inner surface, the inner surface should be attached to the mouth and nose, dark-colored surface outward; there is a metal strip (nose clip) end is the top of the mask. 4, the mask should be replaced regularly, not inside and outside wear reverse, not to wear two sides in turn. How to take off the used mask so as not to contaminate your hands The pictures in this article are from the network, please contact the platform if there is any infringement Disposable medical masks are recommended to be replaced once in 4 hours; N95 medical protective masks are recommended to be used for a time limit of 6-8 hours. When replacing, hands should not touch the outside of the mask and remove the mask directly from the ear. Be careful not to touch the front of the mask and put it into the garbage bag by pinching the lacing with your hand. After removing the mask, wash your hands immediately and pay attention to hand hygiene. Proper disposal of used masks 1. For the general public, used masks can be thrown directly into the garbage because of the low risk. 2. For people with symptoms such as fever, coughing, coughing, sneezing, or people who have been in contact with such people, it is recommended to throw the masks into the garbage first, and then use 5% 84 disinfectant in the ratio of 1:99 and sprinkle it on the masks for disposal. If there is no disinfectant solution, you can also use Ziploc bags/clothing bags to seal the masks and throw them into the trash. Second tip: Avoid going to crowded places! If you go out, these things should be known! What should we do to protect ourselves when we must go out? 1.You should make sure that you are healthy, if you have recently had fever, cough and other unwell symptoms, you should suspend your travel and go to the hospital for consultation. 2. You should try to avoid areas with a high incidence of the epidemic and crowded areas, and pay attention to self-protection measures, such as wearing disposable medical surgical masks properly; pay attention to covering your mouth and nose with tissues or elbows when sneezing and coughing, etc. How to protect yourself when you go to the farmers’ market to buy food? The pictures in this article are from the Internet, please contact the platform if there is any infringement 1. When people go shopping at farmers’ markets where wild animals are sold, they should wear a mask, avoid contact with wild animals, and not slaughter or eat sick or dead livestock or wild animals. 2.When returning home, you should wash your hands with running water and wipe the surface of your clothes with 75% alcohol if necessary. How to prevent from attending a dinner party with friends? 1.If you have fever, cough, sore throat and other uncomfortable symptoms, you should not attend a dinner party. During the epidemic season, reduce the frequency of dinners to reduce the risk of disease. 2. If you must attend, it is recommended that you wear a mask to reduce the spread of the virus. When having a meal, try to use communal chopsticks and choose a well-ventilated place. What should we pay attention to when going to crowded places? 1.You should avoid going to crowded public places as much as possible to reduce the chance of contact with people with the disease. 2. If you must go to public places, you should choose the right mask and wear it properly to reduce the risk of exposure to pathogens, and avoid going to areas where diseases are prevalent to reduce the risk of infection. How to protect yourself when going to the hospital? 1. You should wear a mask when visiting a hospital, especially when visiting a fever clinic or respiratory department. 2.Avoid close contact with people who have symptoms of respiratory illness (such as fever, coughing or sneezing) if possible. 3.Wash your hands with soap and running water or alcohol-based hand sanitizer upon arrival home or after a visit, and do not touch your eyes, nose or mouth with dirty hands. 4. Pay close attention to symptoms such as fever and cough, and make sure to seek medical attention near you when such symptoms appear. How far is the safe distance between people Coronavirus is currently believed to be mainly droplet transmission and contact transmission, aerosol transmission (airborne bacteria, viruses and other biological aerosol particles are widely present in the bottom layer of the atmosphere, and can spread and spread in the atmosphere) whether it will exist, it is necessary to determine through further investigation and research to go. Droplets do not travel long distances, usually no more than 2 meters. Droplets larger than 5 microns will settle quickly, and if the distance is too close, droplets will fall on each other’s mucous membranes through coughing and talking, and infection will occur, so it is necessary to maintain a certain safe distance. It is recommended that when traveling or more people gather, make sure to wear a good mask, usually disposable surgical masks, N95 masks, etc. can be chosen. Third trick: focus on hand hygiene! Correct hand washing method! Correct hand washing time point! Wash your hands regularly to prevent coronavirus The pictures in this article are from the Internet, please contact the platform if there is any infringement Before meals, after pooping, going home, touching garbage, after petting animals, you should wash your hands. When washing your hands, you should use running water and soap (hand sanitizer) to wash, and rub for no less than 40 seconds. 7 points of time to wash your hands During the New Year, people come and go and viruses can easily spread through the opportunity. Do not touch your face, eyes, mouth and nose before washing your hands, especially before eating, after going to the toilet, after blowing your nose, before wearing a mask, and after seeking medical attention. 7 points in time are particularly prone to virus invasion, so you must remember to wash your hands effectively to avoid virus invasion. 1, before eating: when eating, hands will inevitably touch the food, easy to eat the virus. 2, after the toilet: after the toilet, hands may be contaminated with urine or feces, or touch the toilet lid, open and close the door, flush may also be contaminated with germs. 3.After blowing nose: After blowing nose, hands may be contaminated with a large number of germs. 4.Before wearing a mask: hands may come into contact with germs, and if you wear a mask without washing your hands, germs will easily come into contact with your nose and mouth. 5.Before and after going to the doctor: hospital environment is prone to germs, washing hands before and after going to the doctor can avoid bringing germs into the hospital or bringing germs home. 6.Before and after handling ingredients: Before and after preparing ingredients for cooking, you should wash your hands promptly. 7.After contact with animals: Avoid invasion of bacteria and viruses on animals. Fourth trick: proper disinfection! Guide to disinfection of household and express items! If you are worried about the indirect contact brought by the delivery, you can let the delivery boy put it at the door, and then take it into the house when he leaves (both sides are not in direct contact, relatively safe), and then wipe the outer packaging with alcohol and wash your hands before opening it for consumption, which will also reduce the risk. As for the courier, different viruses have different survival times outside the human body, and the virus contaminated during the delivery process may have died long ago. But recent delivery and distribution of contaminated viruses may still be alive, you can also directly wipe the packaging with alcohol after receiving it to reduce the risk. How to do home disinfection The images in this article are from the Internet, please contact the platform if there is any infringement Prevent new coronavirus infection, do home disinfection should take the following measures: open the windows every day for a period of time to enhance air circulation, can effectively prevent respiratory infections. Wash your hands regularly, scrubbing with soap and water for more than 40 seconds, and pay attention to covering your mouth and nose with a tissue or elbow when sneezing or coughing; it is not advisable to cover your mouth and nose directly with both hands. Desktop and other object surfaces are cleaned well every day and disinfected regularly. After a guest visit, disinfect the relevant object surfaces in the room in a timely manner by choosing a legal and effective disinfectant or disinfectant wipes to wipe and disinfect. How to carry out preventive disinfection at home The new coronavirus is afraid of heat and can be killed in 30 minutes at 56°C. Various disinfectants such as chlorine disinfectants, alcohol, iodine disinfectants and hydrogen peroxide disinfectants can also kill the virus. Skin disinfection can be done with 75% alcohol and iodophor (mucous membrane disinfection should be done with iodophor or other mucous membrane disinfectants). Ensuring air circulation and opening windows for a period of time every day to enhance air circulation can effectively prevent respiratory infections. Clean the home environment thoroughly at least once a week. Disinfect the home environment with chlorine-containing disinfectants (e.g. 84 disinfectant, bleach or other chlorine-containing disinfectant powder/foaming tablets) prepared into a solution with an effective chlorine concentration of 250-500 mg/L for wiping or soaking; when the surface of objects or the ground is contaminated with respiratory secretions, vomit or excreta, first use a strong absorbent disposable rag to remove visible dirt, then use an appropriate disinfectant to clean and disinfect the contaminated area and its vicinity. Contaminated places and their vicinity; heat-resistant items can be disinfected by boiling for 15 minutes. How should I disinfect my home after suspicious symptoms appear? After a family member has suspicious symptoms (including fever, cough, sore throat, chest tightness, dyspnea, mild nausea, fatigue, slightly poor mental health, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, headache, conjunctivitis, mild soreness in the extremities or muscle pain in the lower back, etc.), other members of the family should be isolated and protected and sent to the doctor in a timely manner according to the progress of the disease, and should avoid using public transportation to go to the doctor. After a symptomatic family member has been seen, the isolated room and contact items (e.g., living room floor, bathroom, home countertops, door handles, dishes, water glasses, towels, etc.) should be disinfected. How should I disinfect my home when a patient with novel coronavirus infection is present? After the patient leaves (e.g., hospitalization, death, release from isolation, etc.), final disinfection should be performed. The final disinfection of the patient’s home includes: the living room floor, walls, bathroom, door handles, tables and chairs and other household countertops, as well as the patient’s utensils, water glasses, clothes, bedding and other household items, toys, etc. Terminal disinfection is usually done by professionals, who can contact the local Center for Disease Control and Prevention for details. Other family members are close contacts and should be placed under medical observation for 14 days. Fifth tip: Observe the “etiquette” of coughing and sneezing The pictures in this article are from the Internet, please contact the platform if there is any infringement. When coughing and sneezing, droplets containing the virus can be dispersed into the air within a range of about 2 meters, and people around can be infected by inhaling these droplets. tissue or elbow to cover the mouth and nose, not directly with both hands. 2. Put the used tissues from sneezing and coughing into a covered garbage can. 3. If you cover your mouth and nose with your hands after sneezing or coughing, wash your hands thoroughly with soap or hand sanitizer. 4. If you have coughing or sneezing symptoms every day, it is recommended to wear a disposable medical mask; you should not take off the mask when coughing or sneezing; and you should change the mask after coughing or sneezing. Source: Guangdong Science and Technology Publishing House “Protection against novel coronavirus infection” Beijing CDC “Prevention of novel coronavirus authoritative interpretation”.