Colorectal polyps are all elevated lesions on the mucosa of the colon and rectum, including tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic. They are collectively referred to as polyps until the pathological nature is clarified. The difference between colorectal polyposis and colorectal polyps is the number of polyps, which is traditionally called polyposis when there are more than 100 polyps. At present, there are also genetic analysis methods to diagnose polyposis, but they are expensive and not yet popularized. Colorectal polyps are divided into: 1, neoplastic polyps: mainly adenomatous polyps, which are recognized as precancerous lesions. Endoscopic removal of it can reduce the occurrence of colorectal cancer. There are three types of adenomas: tubular adenoma, villous adenoma, and mixed tubular-villous adenoma. Tubular adenoma is the most common, accounting for 75-90% of the total number of adenomas, and the greater the chance of carcinoma, the larger the adenoma, the more hairy the adenoma structure, the greater the chance of carcinoma. 2, non-neoplastic polyps: mainly including inflammatory polyps, juvenile polyps, which are benign lesions, in principle, do not require surgical treatment. There are two main types of colorectal polyposis: 1, familial adenomatous polyposis: belongs to the autosomal dominant genetic disease, often in adolescent development colorectal adenomas, gradually increase, and even all the colorectal mucosa, if not timely treatment will eventually become cancerous. 2, black spot polyposis: also known as Peutz a Jeghers syndrome, is a rare dominant genetic disorder, characterized by multiple polyps in the gastrointestinal tract with oral mucosa lip perioral perianal and the soles of the fingers and feet of both hands with melanin deposition. The disease is dominated by small intestinal polyps, and about one-third of patients have colorectal polyps. Treatment principles: 1, small polyps are generally removed during colonoscopy and sent for pathological examination. 2.Non-adenomatous polyps larger than 2 cm in diameter can be removed in blocks under colonoscopy; adenomas larger than 2 cm in diameter, especially villous adenomas, should be removed surgically, either by anal surgery (below the peritoneal reflex) or by laparoscopic and open surgery (above the peritoneal reflex). At present, with the development and improvement of endoscopic surgery, a considerable number of such patients can be resected under colonoscopy, and the specimens will be sent to pathology for examination, and the next treatment plan will be decided by the pathology results. If the pathological examination indicates that the adenoma penetrates the mucosal muscle layer or infiltrates the submucosa, it is classified as an invasive cancer and should be treated according to the principles of colorectal cancer. If the adenoma does not penetrate the mucosal muscle layer and does not invade the lymphatic vessels, there is no residual differentiation at the cut edge, further surgery can be suspended after colonoscopic removal, and the colonoscopic observation should be closely followed by re-examination. 3, familial adenomatous polyposis should strive to be diagnosed within adolescence and radical surgery. The black spot polyposis is generally not cancerous, and it is difficult to remove all. Therefore, asymptomatic people can be followed up and observed, and symptomatic people can be removed from polyps or intestinal segments. Inflammatory hyperplastic polyps are not obvious and do not require special treatment.