Rectal cancer is a common malignant tumor in the gastrointestinal tract second only to stomach and esophageal cancer, and is the most common part of colorectal cancer. Rectal cancer has a high chance of being misdiagnosed, and there are several reasons why rectal cancer is easily misdiagnosed: 1. Due to the absence of any symptoms in the early stage of rectal cancer, as well as people’s poor knowledge of science and health and insufficient understanding of the disease, many people are not highly alert to rectal cancer, especially female patients and rural patients account for the majority. 2. Due to the limited quality, medical level and clinical experience of medical personnel. The vast majority of patients repeatedly seek medical treatment in primary health centers, and due to the lack of basic knowledge about rectal cancer among certain medical personnel, they do not know enough about the disease and do not pay enough attention to it; they do not treat tumors as common diseases, especially for younger patients who are more likely to be neglected, and only think of common diseases such as hemorrhoids and enteritis, and make hasty diagnosis, neglecting careful understanding of medical history and comprehensive analysis; they think that having mucous blood stool means hemorrhoids or indigestion, and make subjective assumptions; furthermore, they think that having mucous blood stool means hemorrhoids or indigestion, and make subjective assumptions. In addition, some doctors do not pay attention to the rectal examination, ignoring the examination, and a few doctors fail to master the method of rectal examination. 3, the application of antibiotics, resulting in a longer misdiagnosis time. After applying antibiotics, some patients may have the illusion that the inflammatory edema around the cancer is reduced and the clinical symptoms are temporarily relieved. These are the reasons why rectal cancer is easily misdiagnosed. In addition, it is especially reminded that rectal cancer in late stage may sometimes show corresponding symptoms due to tumor invasion of surrounding tissues, such as invasion of bladder may cause painful urination and frequent urination, invasion of presacral nerve may cause severe and continuous pain, metastasis to liver may cause hepatomegaly, jaundice, and anemia. Therefore, patients with bleeding stools, even with hemorrhoids, should be highly alert to the possibility of rectal cancer and must be further examined to exclude the possibility of cancer. The application of examination methods such as rectal finger examination, proctoscopy or sigmoidoscopy must be emphasized.