The thyroid gland is an important endocrine organ of the body, located under the thyroid cartilage and on both sides of the trachea. Thyroid disorders are a common clinical condition, with a high prevalence in the northeast. Nodules in the thyroid gland generally have no clinical symptoms and are easily overlooked, and clinical examination is mainly based on ultrasound. Our common thyroid disorders include subacute thyroiditis, Hashimoto’s disease (commonly known as big thick neck), hyperthyroidism, clinical manifestations of neck discomfort, anorexia, weakness, lethargy, excessive sweating, palpitations, swelling and other symptoms that require further examination of thyroid function to confirm the diagnosis. Thyroid nodules are classified into benign and malignant nodules. Clinical diagnosis is mainly based on color ultrasound examination, with a diagnostic rate of over 90%.