Pneumoconiosis cannot be completely cured, but the progression of pneumoconiosis can be slowed down by active treatment and prevention of various complications. Pneumoconiosis belongs to a kind of occupational disease, which is caused by the body inhaling mineral dust and retaining it in the lungs during occupational activities, thus leading to diffuse fibrotic changes in the lung tissues. Patients often present with coughing, sputum, chest pain and dyspnea. Mineral dust enters the lungs and is deposited in the lungs, which is irreversible and cannot be completely cured. As there is no drug that can completely reverse the pneumoconiosis, the treatment of pneumoconiosis is mainly to slow down the development of the disease and reduce the clinical symptoms. Nowadays, the main anti-fibrotic drugs in use include hantahexidine, pirfenidone and tiloxime hydrochloride. Symptoms, complications/comorbidities, if any, should be treated aggressively and symptomatically. Meanwhile, patients need to quit smoking and prevent infection to prevent disease progression. Therefore, high-risk occupational groups should be well protected from dusty environments in case of pneumoconiosis, and should seek prompt medical attention and treatment as prescribed by their doctors.