At present, there are traditional open-heart surgery and television thoracoscopic surgery in thoracic surgery. Some doctors and patients are willing to add the word “minimally invasive” in front of thoracoscopic surgery. I do not know how these two words come from, but I can only guess if they come from the pronunciation of VATS in English. These two types of surgery have their own characteristics and adaptations. It should be said that any surgery that can be done by thoracoscopy can be done by traditional open-heart surgery, but the reverse is not necessarily true. A portion of thoracoscopic surgery will be converted to open-heart surgery intraoperatively. The incision for traditional open-chest surgery is generally longer than the incision for thoracoscopic surgery, and the smallest incision can approach the longest incision for thoracoscopy. Of course, the healing time of the incision is the same regardless of the length. In recent years, thoracoscopic surgery has become more and more common, probably for the following reasons: 1. It has a small superficial trauma, with only a few small incisions, or even one or two small holes. Most of the lesions treated by thoracoscopic surgery are relatively light lesions, and the postoperative recovery is fast, giving people a feeling of small trauma, thus making the concept of “minimally invasive” easily accepted by the Chinese people. 2. In recent years, due to the increase of medical disputes, self-protection of doctors, restriction of charges by medical insurance, difficulty of blood supply, increase of early lesions found by physical examination, and decrease of seriously ill patients with improved economic condition, the difficulty of surgery has greatly decreased and can be adapted to thoracoscopic surgery. There are also many surgeries that do need to be done open-heartedly nobody does, even if they want to do technically not all doctors do it. 3, the surgical cost of thoracoscopic surgery is generally more expensive than open-heart surgery, in today’s very low cost of surgery (total pneumonectomy state regulations charge no more than 1200 yuan, including medical staff surgical clothing, operating room equipment, non-disposable surgical instruments, sterilization and use of depreciation charges, including intraoperative gloves, saline and gauze and other consumables that can not be accounted for, including 3 doctors 2 nurses 1 anesthesiologist and other support staff for half a day. (The cost of thoracic surgery is almost always a loss.) It is inevitable that the use of thoracoscopy is recommended. 4, with the increase in the volume of surgery, the doctor operating thoracoscopic surgery skills gradually skilled. The choice of which type of surgery, or depends on the lesion, simple, early, easy to do, thoracoscopy is recommended.