According to the latest version of rectal cancer TNM staging, rectal cancer T2N0M0 is clinical stage I, which belongs to early rectal cancer and can mostly be treated with surgery. In the description of rectal cancer T2N0M0, T2 means the tumor invades the intrinsic muscular layer of rectum, N0 means no regional lymph node metastasis, and M0 means no distant metastasis. Rectal cancer T2N0M0 belongs to clinical staging stage Ⅰ, which can be assisted by MRI, CT, ultrasound endoscopy and other examinations for TNM staging. For early rectal cancer with clinical stage I, local excision can be performed, with transanal local approach or post-sacral approach, and at least 3mm margins are guaranteed. Stage I rectal cancer usually does not require neoadjuvant or postoperative adjuvant therapy. It is recommended that patients with early rectal cancer of T2N0M0 should go to the hospital as early as possible for consultation and actively undergo surgical treatment, so as to avoid deterioration of the disease and progression of the stage.