Tracheotomy in 80 year olds helps breathing and expectoration, but may cause thyroid damage, bacterial infection, and toxic and harmful gases entering the airway. 1. Advantages: After tracheotomy for 80-year-olds who need prolonged mechanical ventilation, the airway can be opened up, which helps the elderly to breathe and slows down the symptoms of airway obstruction. As the ability of the elderly to cough up sputum is weakened, the use of a sputum aspirator after tracheotomy can help to suck out sputum from the lungs in time. 2. Disadvantages: The use of tracheotomy may cause damage to the surrounding thyroid gland, or damage to the nerves around the thyroid gland, resulting in hoarseness. The lack of a mucosal barrier between the mouth and nose after a tracheotomy can cause airborne bacteria to enter the lungs and cause infection. The presence of toxic and harmful gases within the air after a tracheotomy can directly enter the lungs and trigger adverse consequences. The underlying disease of tracheotomy is critical, especially for patients with poor cough reflexes poor swallowing reflexes , high risk of aspiration, should be carefully selected after a comprehensive assessment based on the actual situation, and should consider a variety of undesirable factors, as far as possible, to avoid the impact of undesirable factors.