Electrolytes need to be replenished if they are low, and promoted to be excreted if they are high.
Cations in electrolytes in human body mainly include sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium ions, while anions are mainly chloride ions. Different electrolyte abnormalities are treated in different ways, such as hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hypercalcemia and so on, which are more common in clinical practice.
Hypokalemia requires potassium supplementation. For mild cases, more potassium-rich foods can be consumed, such as bananas, oranges, cherries, orange juice, etc. For severe cases, drugs such as potassium chloride extended-release tablets should be taken orally, and potassium supplementation should be given intravenously if necessary. Hyperkalemia requires treatments such as diuresis to excrete potassium and promotion of inward movement of potassium ions.
Hypocalcemia patients need to be treated with calcium tablets, hypercalcemia patients need to be treated with diuretic calcium excretion, and hemodialysis if necessary.
Patients with electrolyte disorders need to complete the appropriate examinations, such as electrolytes, renal function, related hormones, etc., to clarify the cause of the disease and then carry out the treatment.