The leukocyte-boosting injection is called granulocyte stimulating factor injection, which is categorized into long-acting leukocyte-boosting injection and short-acting leukocyte-boosting injection according to the duration of its therapeutic effect. Leukocyte-boosting injections are mainly used in the treatment of severe leukopenia caused by various reasons, such as immune-related leukopenia, leukopenia caused by hypersplenism, and myelosuppression caused by chemotherapy for malignant tumors. In the clinic, the commonly used short-acting leukocyte-boosting injections are human granulocyte-stimulating factor and recombinant human granulocyte-stimulating factor injection, etc. The commonly used long-acting leukocyte-boosting injections are polyethylene glycolized recombinant human granulocyte-stimulating factor and so on. After treatment with leukocyte boosting injections, regular blood tests are needed to monitor the white blood cell count dynamically to avoid overuse, which may lead to high white blood cell count. It should be noted that patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes need to avoid the use of leukocyte boosting injections as much as possible, as it may lead to the proliferation of abnormal cells such as leukemia cells and lead to the progression of the disease. It is recommended that patients with leukopenia visit the hematology department in a timely manner and use leukocyte-boosting injections for leukocyte-boosting therapy under the supervision of a physician, while actively preventing the occurrence of infections. The medication should be administered under the guidance of a physician.