Sore throat and breathlessness may be caused by acute infectious epiglottitis. Acute infectious epiglottitis: an acute nonspecific inflammation of the laryngeal mucosa in the supraglottic region, mainly in the epiglottis. Infection is the most common cause, mostly caused by Haemophilus influenzae type B. The main symptom is acute onset. The main symptoms of the disease onset is acute, may appear chills, fever, severe pain in the throat, dysphagia, dyspnea and other symptoms. Diffuse congestion and swelling of the epiglottis. Treatment with adequate amounts of powerful antibiotics and glucocorticoids, preferred cephalosporins or amoxicillin clavulanate potassium antibiotics, suspected accompanied by anaerobic infections can be added with metronidazole. Dexamethasone is given intramuscularly or intravenously at doses up to 0.3 mg/(kg.d). Local nebulized therapy with gentamicin, dexamethasone, and alpha-chymotrypsin. Drugs must be applied as prescribed. Abscess formation in the epiglottis requires incision and drainage. Keep the airway open and perform emergency tracheotomy or cricothyrotomy if necessary. Acute infectious epiglottitis is an ear, nose and throat emergency, and can be life-threatening in severe cases due to airway obstruction. Therefore, if you have a sore throat and can’t catch your breath, it is recommended that you consult a doctor in time and standardize your treatment.