Allergic rhinitis, also known as allergic rhinitis, can occur at any age and is a common disease in otorhinolaryngology. Many patients are prone to mistake it for a cold, and only realize the need to go to the hospital for examination and treatment as the symptoms worsen and lengthen.
I. What is allergic disease?
Allergic reactions are abnormal reactions of the body to one or more substances that are harmless to most people. The main cause of allergic diseases is the production of excess of a special antibody called IgE in the body of patients with allergic diseases, which can react with allergens (allergens) in the environment and stimulate the body to release certain chemicals in excess, and then produce various symptoms. Allergic diseases mainly include: allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, allergic dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, etc.
What is allergic rhinitis?
Allergic rhinitis, also known as allergic rhinitis, is a series of nasal symptoms caused by IgE-mediated inflammatory reaction of the nasal mucosa after exposure to allergens.
The main symptoms of allergic rhinitis
There are four main symptoms.
1. Sneezing, which occurs every morning or night or immediately after contact with allergens.
2, runny, large amounts of clear water-like nasal discharge, severe cases can flow down the front nostrils.
3, nasal congestion, intermittent or persistent, unilateral or bilateral or bilateral alternating, varying in severity.
4, nasal itching, itchy inside the nose, can be accompanied by itchy eyes, itchy ears and itchy throat, etc.
Four, allergic rhinitis common allergens
1, inhalation allergens: dust mites, pollen, animal fur, mold, etc.
2.Eating allergens: drugs, food, especially eggs, milk, shrimp, crab, fish, nuts, etc.
3, contact allergens: cosmetics, dyes, animal hair products, latex glove products, ivy, etc.
4, injected allergens: insect bites venom and other drug injections, etc.
V. Diagnostic methods of allergen detection
In vivo detection: skin prick test.
In vitro testing: serum specific IgE test.
Sixth, treatment methods
The World Health Organization recommends the best treatment plan for allergic diseases, symptomatic treatment and allopathic treatment.
Symptomatic treatment: It refers to the treatment with drugs or surgery to control the symptoms, but cannot be cured at the root, such as nasal steroid hormone spray, antihistamine, nasal sieve nerve block, etc.
Allopathic treatment: According to the cause of the onset, it means that the allergen can be clarified and desensitization treatment can be applied.
VII. Desensitization treatment
Dust mite is the main allergen in China, more than 80% of allergic disease patients are allergic to dust mite, and as long as dust mite allergy can be screened out, desensitization treatment can be carried out. The duration of desensitization treatment is determined by the patient’s degree of sensitivity and tolerance. Generally, after one year of desensitization treatment, significant clinical results can be obtained, and it is best to persist for 3-5 years, then there may be a chance to achieve a cure.