1.What is Crohn’s disease? Crohn’s disease (CD) is a subacute and chronic inflammatory disease of the intestinal tract of which the cause is not yet clear. It can involve all segments of the digestive tract from the mouth to the anus, with the terminal ileum and adjacent colon being the most common. 2.What are the common clinical manifestations of Crohn’s disease? (1) abdominal pain: Patients often complain of periodic episodes of abdominal pain, mainly postprandial abdominal pain around the umbilicus, occasionally low fever and mild diarrhea may occur. Episodes of abdominal pain may spontaneously resolve and recur with increasing frequency and severity, and finally the abdominal pain is concentrated in the right lower abdomen. Sometimes, patients may seek medical attention for pressure pain in the right lower abdomen or even for the discovery of a right lower abdominal mass. Therefore, it is often misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis and abdominal surgery is performed before the diagnosis of Crohn’s disease is clarified. (2) Intestinal obstruction: abdominal pain is often characterized by partial intestinal obstruction, and the symptoms can be aggravated after eating; while rest, warm abdominal compresses and fasting can improve abdominal pain. (3) Diarrhea: diarrhea generally rarely exceeds 4 to 5 times a day. Weight loss is more common, and children may have delayed growth and sexual development as an early clinical manifestation of the disease. (4) Formation of perirectal or perianal abscess or fistula with pain, mass, purulent drainage, etc., accompanied by fever. 3.How to carry out regular treatment for Crohn’s disease? (1) Aminosalicylic acid preparation: It is effective in controlling the activity of mild and medium-sized patients, and can be used as maintenance therapy during the remission period. (2) Hormone: Currently, it is an effective drug to control the activity of the disease. (3) Immunosuppressants: suitable for chronic active cases with poor effect on hormone therapy or hormone dependence, the effect time is about 3-6 months, and the maintenance medication is usually 1 to 2 years. (4) Antibacterial drugs: Some antibacterial drugs such as metronidazole and quinolones have certain efficacy. (5) Anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibodies: Clinical trials have shown that they are effective in active Crohn’s disease where conventional treatment is ineffective, and repeated treatment can achieve long-term remission. (6) For patients with complete intestinal obstruction, fistula and abscess formation, acute perforation and uncontrolled massive bleeding, surgical treatment is required. 4.How should patients with Crohn’s disease have dietary regimen? For ambulatory patients, their dietary intake should meet their daily nutritional requirements, but try to minimize the stress of food on the inflammatory and possibly stenotic segments of the intestine. In patients with lactose intolerance, lactose-rich foods such as milk and ice cream should be removed from the diet; in patients with abdominal pain and diarrhea, fiber-containing foods should be reduced; in patients with steatorrhea, the fat in the diet should be less than 70-80 g/d. Even when the normal diet resumes later, care should be taken to limit the above components in the diet. Inpatients should strictly follow the doctor’s instructions.