Kidney stones can be treated with primary treatment, medication, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and lithotripsy. 1. Primary treatment: a few patients can find the cause of stone formation, to correct the cause, such as hyperparathyroidism (mainly parathyroid adenoma), it is necessary to remove the adenoma; urinary tract obstruction, it is necessary to lift the obstruction. 2. Medication: For stones with a diameter of less than 0.6cm, smooth surface and no obstruction in the urinary tract below the stone, medication such as tamsulosin and indomethacin can be used. Patients should use the drugs under the guidance of the doctor. 3. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: it is suitable for kidney stones with a diameter of ≤2cm. If the stone distal urinary tract obstruction, pregnancy, coagulation disorders, renal failure, acute urinary tract infection, etc. is not suitable for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. 4. Percutaneous nephrolithotripsy: It is suitable for all renal stones that need surgical intervention, including complete and incomplete staghorn stones, ≥2cm renal stones, symptomatic calyces or diverticula stones, and stones that are difficult to be crushed by extracorporeal shockwave and fail to be treated. It should be noted that although this method is a minimally invasive procedure, it is still invasive and risky, and patients must be evaluated to avoid complications. Kidney stones can be cured with timely and standardized treatment, but the recurrence rate is high, and about one-third of the patients will have a recurrence within five years after kidney stone treatment. Therefore, patients should follow the doctor’s advice to adjust the diet, lifestyle habits, can significantly reduce the recurrence rate of kidney stones.