Yellow granulomatous cholecystitis (XGC), also known as fibrous yellow granulomatous cholecystitis, gallbladder waxy pigmented granuloma, gallbladder waxy pigmented histiocytic granuloma, and biliary granulomatous cholecystitis, is a rare and specific type of inflammatory gallbladder disease. The disease is characterized by the formation of yellow plaques or granulomas of waxy texture within the wall of the gallbladder. The etiology and pathogenesis of XGC are still unknown. The pathological pattern of XGC is divided into 2 types: 1. confined. Single or multifocal yellow-green nodules are formed between the walls of the gallbladder, which is the type in this case; 2. Diffuse. The lesions are diffuse, invading the mucosa inward and fatty connective tissue and adjacent organs outward. When gallstone obstruction combined with infection and tissue necrosis occurs, bile infiltrates into the interstitial Rokitansky-Aschoff’s sinus, causing it to rupture, and the bile and mucin within it are released and infiltrate the gallbladder wall and surrounding tissues. Thus, XGC formation is a response of the interstitial tissue to bile extravasation. XGC is clinically nonspecific. It is commonly seen in women. The patient often has a history of chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder stones, complains of pain in the right upper abdomen, often with acute attacks, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, intermittent belching and bloody vomit fluid, black stools, and weight loss. ultrasound examination shows thickening of the gallbladder wall or filling defects with irregular contours, and gallbladder stones can be found in most cases. ct reveals limited or diffuse irregular thickening of the gallbladder wall, and sometimes an infiltrative mass in the gallbladder bed, which is often It is often diagnosed as gallbladder cancer with peripheral infiltration. The treatment for XGC is cholecystectomy. It can be easily confused with gallbladder cancer or malignant tumor of surrounding organs during surgery. The lesion and its infiltrating gallbladder bed to the liver surface should be removed during surgery. The surgical result is satisfactory, with no recurrence after surgery.